https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42674 Wed 31 Aug 2022 16:32:18 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39891 Wed 29 Jun 2022 13:46:03 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53848 Wed 28 Feb 2024 16:26:29 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50611 Wed 28 Feb 2024 15:34:43 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48592 Wed 22 Mar 2023 08:46:48 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55320 Wed 15 May 2024 15:39:09 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53573 Wed 15 May 2024 15:05:18 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54800 Wed 13 Mar 2024 11:41:28 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28347 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:38:19 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42940 Wed 07 Sep 2022 15:23:30 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44156 Wed 07 Feb 2024 18:05:04 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52951 Wed 07 Feb 2024 14:35:17 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34847 Wed 04 Dec 2019 13:05:09 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50685 Wed 01 May 2024 15:09:13 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54044 Tue 30 Jan 2024 13:50:18 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46674 Tue 29 Nov 2022 09:21:37 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54541 Tue 27 Feb 2024 20:41:02 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54504 Tue 27 Feb 2024 15:32:02 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54439 Tue 27 Feb 2024 14:00:46 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54422 Tue 27 Feb 2024 13:57:48 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39825 5 mm. However, after 7 years in the garden, owing to natural degradation, weathering, or abrasion, microplastics are released. We categorize the plastic fragments into different groups, 5 mm–0.75 mm, 0.75 mm–100 μm, and 100–0.8 μm, using filters such as kitchenware, meaning we can collect microplastics in our gardens by ourselves. We then characterized the plastics using Raman image mapping and a logic-based algorithm to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and the image certainty. This is because the signal- to-noise ratio from a single Raman spectrum, or even from an individual peak, is significantly less than that from a spectrum matrix of Raman mapping (such as 1 vs. 50 × 50) that contains 2,500 spectra, from the statistical point of view. From the 10 g soil we sampled, we could detect the microplastics, including large (5 mm–100 μm) fragments and small (<100 μm) ones, suggesting the degradation fate of plastics in the gardens. Overall, these results warn us that we must be careful when we do gardening, including selection of plastic items for gardens.]]> Tue 26 Jul 2022 14:21:50 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50419 CTAB > SDS, which is opposed to their CMC (Triton X-100: 0.28 mM＜CTAB: 1.07 mM＜SDS: 7.69 mM). Rising the surfactant concentration would not enhance the defluorination, the best one was obtained at its CMC. Moreover, changing the pH of the US bath liquid by adding acid or alkaline solution inhibited the defluorination, which might be attributed to acid or base causing damage to the chemical properties or physical structure of surfactant (certified by the SEM tests). Additionally, the mechanism of enhanced PFOA defluorination was examined by electron paramagnetic resonance analysis, which proved that adding surfactant facilitated the generation of the radicals (·OH and SO4∙-), as well as the radicals’ amount increased over time during 60 min. Finally, the inhibited defluorination of adding surfactant directly to the PFOA solution was studied by the SEM analysis, the results demonstrated that adsorption and wrapping between surfactant micelles and PFOA reduced the contact between PFOA and radicals and affected the surfactant effect on the surface tension.]]> Tue 25 Jul 2023 18:05:23 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42490 Tue 23 Aug 2022 15:34:20 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36531 -1min^-1[DHC]⁰[PS]. The results also revealed that increasing the content of DHC, Cl^-, HCO₃̅ and HA would inhibit the removal of DHC. An acidic condition and high US power were shown to facilitate the DHC degradation. Finally, the DHC degradation mechanism was examined using radical quenching and ESR (electron spinning resonance spectrum) experiments, which showed that the SO·₄̅ generated through the heat induced by US was the predominant oxidising species and main contributor to the synergic oxidation.]]> Tue 20 Feb 2024 11:39:31 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46298 in situ remediation technology.]]> Tue 15 Nov 2022 09:19:02 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46296 Tue 15 Nov 2022 09:18:54 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52760 Tue 14 Nov 2023 15:32:48 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55304 Tue 14 May 2024 17:51:02 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47059 Tue 13 Dec 2022 15:39:33 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47050 Tue 13 Dec 2022 14:58:04 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47038 Tue 13 Dec 2022 14:22:22 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47034 Tue 13 Dec 2022 14:08:24 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47019 Tue 13 Dec 2022 12:44:23 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47011 Tue 13 Dec 2022 11:41:23 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46997 Tue 13 Dec 2022 10:26:36 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46985 Tue 13 Dec 2022 09:07:29 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51630 Tue 12 Sep 2023 20:07:41 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44336 Tue 11 Oct 2022 19:21:36 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45552 Tue 01 Nov 2022 11:03:08 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45549 Tue 01 Nov 2022 10:56:08 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50670 Tue 01 Aug 2023 14:37:50 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50669 Tue 01 Aug 2023 14:30:56 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53498 Thu 30 Nov 2023 15:51:05 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45331 Thu 27 Oct 2022 09:05:11 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37718 Thu 25 Mar 2021 09:31:53 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53999 Thu 25 Jan 2024 13:45:38 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46502 Thu 24 Nov 2022 13:51:35 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42070 2) from a lead-acid battery to break down PFAS including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (6:2 FTS). By optimising the PbO₂ panel (activating and doping) and working conditions including supporting electrolyte (1 L 10 mM Na₂SO₄), initial concentration (10 μM), temperature (room temperature), current density (5 A for a 10 cm x 10 cm PbO₂ panel) etc., we successfully remove > 99% PFAS (individual PFAS monitored via HPLC-MS) whilst mineralising ∼59% PFOA (defluorination, F− released and monitored via F-ISE, fluoride-ion selective electrode). By studying the pseudo-first-order kinetics of the PFAS breakdown (0.0028–0.007 min−1) and defluorination (0.84–5.9 x 10⁻⁸ min⁻¹), we assign the difference to the adsorption of PFAS on the PbO₂ panel and the appearance of intermediates before the full defluorination. The leaked HF gas (∼10−5 M, collected using 0.25 L 0.1 M NaOH) and Pb²⁺ (∼12 μM, or ∼ 2.5 ppm) are also confirmed. This study employs an economic industrial material, highlights the contribution of adsorption towards the PFAS removal and breakdown, and identifies the possible leakage of secondary contaminants.]]> Thu 18 Aug 2022 09:20:17 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54294 Thu 15 Feb 2024 14:53:16 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39892 Thu 14 Jul 2022 12:22:14 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36346 Thu 14 Apr 2022 10:57:22 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29908 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:40:54 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25316 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:30:22 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30613 −, toxic contaminants CN⁻ and AsO₃³⁻/AsO₄³⁻, and anionic fluorosurfactants. The anionic fluorosurfactants mainly include perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), both of which have recently been listed as emerging contaminants and categorised as persistent organic pollutants. This review addresses recent advancements in the development of gold nanoparticle-based nano-sensors for such anions and outlines their performance limitations towards on-site applications.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:28:26 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30591 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:24:00 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30592 6—FC) upon exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), the most common fluorosurfactant. FC is employed as a redox probe to monitor the switch on-off response of the SAM formed on gold electrode surface. In an effort to understand the hydrophilic terminate group's influence from the surfactant, we dope the pristine C₆—FC SAM with 6-amino-1-hexanethiol (C₆—NH₂), 1-hexanethiol (C₅—CH₃), or 6-mercaptohexanoic acid (C₅—COOH) via a thiol-gold bond. We also dope it with 1-dodecanethiol (C₁₁—CH₃) or 12-mercaptododecanoic acid (C₁₁–COOH) to investigate the length effect of the carbon chain. We observe there is a similar switch on-off response either from the presence of PFOA or from the doping C₅—COOH/C₁₁–COOH, suggesting the insertion of PFOA into the C₆—FC SAM, which is also evidenced by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) and Raman spectrum. This research paves the way towards the development of an electrochemical sensor and an approach for remediation of the fluorosurfactants.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:24:00 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30582 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:23:59 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30570 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:23:58 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27580 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:23:43 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23836 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:12:10 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50618 Mon 31 Jul 2023 14:35:54 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38651 Mon 29 Jan 2024 17:49:32 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48686 Mon 27 Mar 2023 15:00:55 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39749 Mon 20 Jun 2022 09:27:14 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40725 Mon 18 Jul 2022 11:41:14 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52522 Mon 16 Oct 2023 10:45:55 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50233 Mon 10 Jul 2023 14:23:06 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52324 Mon 09 Oct 2023 10:23:34 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46934 50% reduction in juvenile production at 0.5% microplastics concentration in soil. Also, significant genotoxicity in terms of DNA damage was observed in the F0 and F1 earthworms. Chemical analysis of microplastic-exposed soils showed the presence of several benzene derivatives that are associated with polystyrene particles. Our study, for the first time to our knowledge, demonstrated the long-term adverse effects on earthworms of polystyrene microplastics even at environmentally relevant concentrations. The results have significant implications for risk assessment of polystyrene microplastics to soil biota.]]> Mon 06 May 2024 14:06:56 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40151 5 mm) plastic residues. We have found that microplastics can be generated by simple tasks in our daily lives such as by scissoring with scissors, tearing with hands, cutting with knives or twisting manually, to open plastics containers/bags/tapes/caps. These processes can generate about 0.46–250 microplastic/cm. This amount is dependent on the conditions such as stiffness, thickness, anisotropy, the density of plastic materials and the size of microplastics. This finding sends an important warning, that we must be careful when opening plastic packaging, if we are concerned about microplastics and care about reducing microplastics contamination.]]> Fri 22 Jul 2022 13:55:19 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53136 Fri 17 Nov 2023 12:08:44 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55357 Fri 17 May 2024 16:04:46 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40621 Fri 15 Jul 2022 13:34:13 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40593 Fri 15 Jul 2022 11:07:13 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44514 Fri 14 Oct 2022 09:46:29 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47301 Fri 13 Jan 2023 10:52:36 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47304 Fri 13 Jan 2023 10:52:34 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47291 Fri 13 Jan 2023 10:38:37 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47292 Fri 13 Jan 2023 10:38:34 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46088 2–Sb/Ce–PbO₂ anode and US (20 kHz and 52 W). The influences of PFOA initial concentrations on its degradation were studied in EC and US-EC systems, while the effects of applied current densities were investigated in US-EC system. With the assistance of US, the increases of pseudo-first-order kinetic rate constant from 0.017 to 0.031 min⁻¹, defluorination efficiency from 75.9% to 87.9%, mineralization efficiency from 71.9% to 86.1% and mineralization current efficiency from 0.66% to 0.77% were obtained at current density of 15 mA cm⁻² and PFOA initial concentration of 60 mg L⁻¹ during the reaction time of 180 min. The production and quenching of •OH were tested to emphasize the function of US in electrochemical mineralization of PFOA. In US-EC system, the electrochemical degradation performance of PFOA was enhanced not because of cavitation under US, but possibly because of the collapse of bubbles, anode surface cleaning, fast electron transfer on anode and higher •OH production under the assistance of US.]]> Fri 11 Nov 2022 09:24:07 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55588 Fri 07 Jun 2024 12:01:31 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50207 Fri 07 Jul 2023 10:45:24 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55055 Fri 05 Apr 2024 13:53:30 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52967 liver > gill > muscle > brain. The uptake and depuration of PSNs in zebrafish both followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. It was revealed that the bioaccumulation was concentration, tissue and time dependent. When the PSNs concentration is low, the steady state might take longer time (or not occur) than that of a high concentration. After 16 days of depuration, there were still some PSNs present in the tissues particularly in the brain, where it might take 70 days or more to remove 75 % of PSNs. Overall, this work offers important knowledge on the bioaccumulation of PSNs, which may be useful for future studies into the health hazards of PSNs in aquatic environments.]]> Fri 03 Nov 2023 15:30:38 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39335 6:2 FTS (86.9 ± 0.9%) > PFOS (46.5 ± 1.0%). Interestingly, the dual-frequency US/PS process can also efficiently degrade PFAS in the contaminated soil, with a 62–71% degradation of 14 PFAS (28 is the maximum number of PFAS that can be quantitatively monitored), representing an encouraging progress. Finally, the degradation pathways and kinetics of PFOA are studied by monitoring the degradation intermediates, and by indicating the combination of the dual-frequency US/PS is not simply addition with each other, but with a synergistic effect of degradation.]]> Fri 03 Jun 2022 17:06:23 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39315 −1 soil caused enhanced uptake of PFOS and PFOA in earthworms, and a significant reduction in their reproduction. These results have significant implications for risk assessment of MP in soil.]]> Fri 03 Jun 2022 15:21:27 AEST ]]>